Leadeship Styes and Ethics for Law Enforcement Administrators Research Paper

Leadeship Styes and Ethics for Law Enforcement Administrators - Research Paper Example Leaders in the law enforcement agencies should themselves exercise high ethical standards which would then influence the followers to follow suit. The issue of ethical leadership has never been so relevant in law enforcing than it is today given the current issues of corruption, racial discrimination, violence and brutality and other escalating criminal activities. Given this chaotic nature of our streets, it is possible that law enforcers feel only connected to their ethical and professional obligations in theory, but on the ground, such ethics is thrown through the window due to the unpredictable and complex situations. This is where ethical leadership comes in to constantly offer training and guidance to the followers and encourage them always to remain within the boundaries of ethical standards and professional code of conduct governing the service. Leadership is an appreciated topic in all types of organizations, both private and public and is considered an essential component in the steering of organizational goals and objectives. Law enforcement agencies have also endeavored to institute effective leaders within its ranks due to the realization that quality leadership directly affects the quality of performance. Leadership can be taken to mean the process where a person or groups of persons selects, trains, and influences one or more followers to appreciate and agree to what needs to be done to realize the mission and objectives of the organization (Lussier & Achua, 2012). This, as Lussier & Achua (2012) notes, can be achieved by such leaders through humbly conveying a prophetic vision for the future of an organization in a manner that respects and identifiable with the beliefs and values of the followers. According to Lussier & Achua (2012), leadership has several key components which include: Leadership is a process that t akes

Breast Cancer Occurring during Pregnancy Research Paper

Breast Cancer Occurring during Pregnancy - Research Paper Example Women have a 12.67 % of developing breast cancer during their lifetime. ( National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program Cancer Statistics Review rates from 2001 to 2003.) According to Loibl S, von Minckwitz G, Gwyn K, et al. (2006) the condition will occur in one in 3000 pregnancies. Despite this, there have been few recent studies on the subject, especially those seeking to look for the histopathologic and immunohistochemical features which are combined in breast carcinomas in these patients, possibly because of the comparative rarity of the condition. Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC), often referred to as gestational breast cancer; can be defined as any cancer of the breast diagnosed during pregnancy and up to one year postpartum including lactation (Molchovsky & Madarnas, 2008). However, there is considerable variation among authors, with defined postpartum periods ranging from 6 months to 2 years. (Psyrri & Burtness, 2005). Another idea is that PABC can be defined as occurring during pregnancy and until lactation ceases. PABC is the second most common malignancy in women, after cervical carcinoma, and occurs in 1 in 3000 pregnancies (Pavilidis & Pentharoudakis, 2005). A mother is already facing the huge changes that come with a new child and when breast cancer is diagnosed concurrently with pregnancy and lactation this becomes a very challenging situation for the patient, physically but also psychologically and socially, as well as her family, physicians, and other health care providers. Treatment options, either local or systemic, are limited by concerns about possibly harming the fetus, and are also conditioned by the gestational length of the pregnancy.